A horse does not have one price
It has a day-long argument. At breakfast time an odds compiler publishes an opinion: this horse is a 6.0 chance. By the off, thousands of bets, a few sharp opinions and every scrap of late news (the going, the market moves, the whispers from the yard) have been argued into the price, and the horse starts at 5.0. Or 7.0. The final price is called the Starting Price, the SP, and the journey from the morning quote to the SP is the most important thing in betting that almost nobody talks about.
Here is why it matters. If you took 6.0 in the morning and the horse starts at 5.0, you hold a bigger price than the market's final, best-informed assessment of the horse's chance. Do that once and it is luck. Do it consistently, across hundreds of bets, and you are buying chances for less than they are worth, which is the only way anyone has ever made betting pay.
That gap has a name: closing-line value. It is the yardstick professionals judge themselves by, it is the headline number on our own live experiment, and this post is the plain-English tour of how it works.

